You Only 👀 Once for Panoptic ​ 🚗 Perception

You Only Look at Once for Panoptic driving Perception

by Dong Wu, Manwen Liao, Weitian Zhang, Xinggang Wang ^📧 School of EIC, HUST

(^📧) corresponding author.

arXiv technical report (arXiv 2108.11250)

The Illustration of YOLOP

Contributions

• We put forward an efficient multi-task network that can jointly handle three crucial tasks in autonomous driving: object detection, drivable area segmentation and lane detection to save computational costs, reduce inference time as well as improve the performance of each task. Our work is the first to reach real-time on embedded devices while maintaining state-of-the-art level performance on the BDD100K dataset.

• We design the ablative experiments to verify the effectiveness of our multi-tasking scheme. It is proved that the three tasks can be learned jointly without tedious alternating optimization.

Results

Traffic Object Detection Result

Drivable Area Segmentation Result

Lane Detection Result:

Ablation Studies 1: End-to-end v.s. Step-by-step:

Ablation Studies 2: Multi-task v.s. Single task:

Notes:

• The works we has use for reference including Multinet (paper,code）,DLT-Net (paper）,Faster R-CNN (paper,code）,YOLOv5s（code) ,PSPNet(paper,code) ,ENet(paper,code) SCNN(paper,code) SAD-ENet(paper,code). Thanks for their wonderful works.
• In table 4, E, D, S and W refer to Encoder, Detect head, two Segment heads and whole network. So the Algorithm (First, we only train Encoder and Detect head. Then we freeze the Encoder and Detect head as well as train two Segmentation heads. Finally, the entire network is trained jointly for all three tasks.) can be marked as ED-S-W, and the same for others.

Visualization

Traffic Object Detection Result

Drivable Area Segmentation Result

Lane Detection Result

Notes:

• The visualization of lane detection result has been post processed by quadratic fitting.

Project Structure

├─inference
│ ├─images   # inference images
│ ├─output   # inference result
├─lib
│ ├─config/default   # configuration of training and validation
│ ├─core    
│ │ ├─activations.py   # activation function
│ │ ├─evaluate.py   # calculation of metric
│ │ ├─function.py   # training and validation of model
│ │ ├─general.py   #calculation of metric、nms、conversion of data-format、visualization
│ │ ├─loss.py   # loss function
│ │ ├─postprocess.py   # postprocess(refine da-seg and ll-seg, unrelated to paper)
│ ├─dataset
│ │ ├─AutoDriveDataset.py   # Superclass dataset，general function
│ │ ├─bdd.py   # Subclass dataset，specific function
│ │ ├─hust.py   # Subclass dataset(Campus scene, unrelated to paper)
│ │ ├─convect.py 
│ │ ├─DemoDataset.py   # demo dataset(image, video and stream)
│ ├─models
│ │ ├─YOLOP.py    # Setup and Configuration of model
│ │ ├─light.py    # Model lightweight（unrelated to paper, zwt)
│ │ ├─commom.py   # calculation module
│ ├─utils
│ │ ├─augmentations.py    # data augumentation
│ │ ├─autoanchor.py   # auto anchor(k-means)
│ │ ├─split_dataset.py  # (Campus scene, unrelated to paper)
│ │ ├─utils.py  # logging、device_select、time_measure、optimizer_select、model_save&initialize 、Distributed training
│ ├─run
│ │ ├─dataset/training time  # Visualization, logging and model_save
├─tools
│ │ ├─demo.py    # demo(folder、camera)
│ │ ├─test.py    
│ │ ├─train.py    
├─toolkits
│ │ ├─depoly    # Deployment of model
│ │ ├─label_conversion
├─weights    # Pretraining model

Requirement

This codebase has been developed with python version 3.7, PyTorch 1.7+ and torchvision 0.8+:

conda install pytorch==1.7.0 torchvision==0.8.0 cudatoolkit=10.2 -c pytorch

See requirements.txt for additional dependencies and version requirements.

pip install -r requirements.txt

Data preparation

Download BDD100k dataset from link, and convert the label into the form of training requirements.

• The annotations of detection just need to keep the original format. (Each .jpg corresponds to one .json)
• The annotations of drivable area segmentation need to be binary image. (Each .jpg corresponds to one .png)
• The annotations of lane line segmentation need to be binary image. (Each .jpg corresponds to one .png)

We provide the code for conversion of label in ./toolkits/label_conversion. We recommend the directory structure to be the following:

# The id represent the correspondence relation
├─dataset root
│ ├─images/ id.jpg
│ ├─det_annotations/ id.json
│ ├─da_seg_annotations/ id.png
│ ├─ll_seg_annotations/ id.png

Update the your dataset path in the ./lib/config/default.py.

Training

You can set the training configuration in the ./lib/config/default.py. (Including: the loading of preliminary model, loss, data augmentation, optimizer, warm-up and cosine annealing, auto-anchor, training epochs, batch_size).

If you want try alternating optimization or train model for single task, please modify the corresponding configuration in ./lib/config/default.py to True. (As following, all configurations is False, which means training multiple tasks end to end).

# Alternating optimization
_C.TRAIN.SEG_ONLY = False           # Only train two segmentation branchs
_C.TRAIN.DET_ONLY = False           # Only train detection branch
_C.TRAIN.ENC_SEG_ONLY = False       # Only train encoder and two segmentation branchs
_C.TRAIN.ENC_DET_ONLY = False       # Only train encoder and detection branch

# Single task 
_C.TRAIN.DRIVABLE_ONLY = False      # Only train da_segmentation task
_C.TRAIN.LANE_ONLY = False          # Only train ll_segmentation task
_C.TRAIN.DET_ONLY = False          # Only train detection task

Start training:

python tools/train.py

Evaluation

You can set the evaluation configuration in the ./lib/config/default.py. (Including： batch_size and threshold value for nms).

Start evaluating:

python tools/test.py --weights weights/End-to-end.pth

Demo Test

We provide two testing method.

Folder

You can store the image or video in --source, and then save the reasoning result to --save-dir

python tools/demo --source inference/images

Camera

If there are any camera connected to your computer, you can set the source as the camera number(The default is 0).

python tools/demo --source 0

Demonstration

input	output

Deployment

Our model can reason in real-time on Jetson Tx2, with Zed Camera to capture image. We use TensorRT tool for speeding up. We provide code for deployment and reasoning of model in ./tools/deploy.

Citation

If you find our paper and code useful for your research, please consider giving a star ⭐ and citation 📝 :

@misc{2108.11250,
Author = {Dong Wu and Manwen Liao and Weitian Zhang and Xinggang Wang},
Title = {YOLOP: You Only Look Once for Panoptic Driving Perception},
Year = {2021},
Eprint = {arXiv:2108.11250},
}